America has seen a big divide in COVID vaccinations. And it's not all about politics, a new study says.
University of Cincinnati assistant professor of geography Dr. Diego Cuadros contributed to the study out now in the Lancet Regional Health journal. He says the big gaps in vaccination rates between various communities are a way to map broader disparities in health care access.
The study analyzed vaccination rates and health care capacity in 2,417 U.S. counties and found a causal relationship between counties with low capacity and low vaccination rates.
More than 70% of the communities with the lowest levels of vaccination are rural, Cuadros says. And while on first blush it might seem intuitive to chalk that up to vaccine hesitancy due to those areas' generally conservative political leanings, researchers say there is a lot more going on.
"Many people were thinking, 'Oh, these are just political views that were interfering or influencing vaccination uptake,' " Cuadros says. "But we were interested in going just a little bit beyond to see if maybe there were some different drivers."
What they found is also somewhat intuitive — but when mapped out can help policymakers and health care officials address health disparities beyond COVID, from specific diseases to overall mortality rates.
Communities with low vaccination rates tended to have the fewest hospitals, health clinics and other infrastructure. They also tended to have fewer health care professionals.
"They have lower health care capacity, for example, lower numbers of physicians and lower numbers of workers trained to apply the vaccines," Cuadros said.
Cuadros suggested putting more resources into measures deployed in other countries like mobile vaccine centers to bridge the gaps.
"That's why we need to start thinking about what kinds of alternative solutions we can have for those areas that are underserved in terms of health care infrastructure and health care services," he says.